To jump over some obstacle, as in the game of leapfrog.
To overtake.
This new product will leapfrog the competition.
To progress.
Of a case: to appeal or allow to be appealed directly to a supreme court, bypassing an intermediate appellate court.
To advance by engaging the enemy with one unit while another moves further forward.
The idea that small and incremental innovations lead the dominant firm to stay ahead, whereas radical innovations will permit new firms to "leapfrog" the dominant one.